כל דבר שיש לו מתירין כגון טבל ומעשר שני והקדש וחדש לא נתנו בהן חכמים שיעור וכל דבר שאין לו מתירין כגון תרומה ותרומת מעשר וחלה וערלה וכלאי הכרם נתנו בהם חכמים שיעור

For any item that can become permitted, i. e., a forbidden object whose prohibition can or will lapse, for example, untithed produce that can be permitted through tithing, and second tithe that is permitted through redemption or bringing it to Jerusalem (Deuteronomy 14: 24–26), and consecrated items that are also permitted through redemption, and produce of the new crop that is permitted after the sacrifice of the omer offering (Leviticus 23:14), the Sages did not determine a measure for their neutralization, and no mixture with any quantity of permitted items neutralizes their prohibition. And for any item that cannot become permitted, for example, teruma, and teruma of the tithe, and ḥalla (Numbers 15: 20–21); fruit of a tree during the first three years after its planting [orla]; and forbidden food crops in a vineyard (Deuteronomy 22:9), the Sages determined a measure for their neutralization.

אמרו לו והלא שביעית אין לה מתירין ולא נתנו בה חכמים שיעור דתנן השביעית אוסרת כל שהוא במינה אמר להן אף אני לא אמרתי אלא לביעור

The Rabbis said to Rabbi Shimon: But isn’t Sabbatical - Year produce an item that cannot become permitted, and nevertheless, the Sages did not determine a measure for its neutralization, as we learned in a mishna ( Shevi’it 7: 7): The Sabbatical - Year produce prohibits permitted produce of its own species with which it is mixed in any amount. Rabbi Shimon said to them: I too said that Sabbatical - Year produce prohibits permitted produce in a mixture and permitted growths that develop from it only with regard to the removal of the produce. Sabbatical - Year produce may be eaten only as long as produce of that species remains in the field, after which it must be removed from one’s possession. Since it is permitted to eat the produce before that time, its legal status during this period is that of an item that can become permitted.

אבל לאכילה בנותן טעם ודלמא הא נמי לחומרא שאני

However, with regard to the permissibility of eating Sabbatical - Year produce after the time of removal has passed, when eating that produce is prohibited, the Sages determined a measure for their neutralization. The mixture is forbidden only if the measure of that produce is enough to impart flavor to the mixture. Apparently, permitted growths can neutralize the prohibition of the original item. The Gemara rejects the proof: And perhaps here too, it is different when the ruling is a stringency. In this case, the stringency is that the original item is sacred with the sanctity of the Sabbatical Year. However, here too, there is no proof that the same would be true in cases where the result is a leniency.

אלא מן הדא פשטה דתנן בצלים שירדו עליהם גשמים וצמחו אם היו עלין שלהן שחורין אסורין הוריקו מותרין

Rather, Yishmael of Kefar Yamma resolved his dilemma from this source, as we learned in a mishna ( Shevi’it 6: 3): With regard to sixth-year onions upon which rain fell during the Sabbatical Year, and they sprouted, if their leaves were black [sheḥorin], i. e., dark green, an indication of fresh, recent growth, the onions are forbidden as Sabbatical - Year growth. If their leaves turned green [horiku], i. e., lighter and yellower, and appeared withered, the onions are permitted, as they are considered a product of the sixth year.

רבי חנניא בן אנטיגנוס אומר אם יכולין ליתלש בעלין שלהן אסורין וכנגדן למוצאי שביעית מותרין למימרא דגידולי היתר מעלין את האיסור ודלמא במדוכנין

Rabbi Ḥanina ben Antigonus says: There is a different indicator; if the plants can be uprooted by their leaves, clearly the leaves are fresh and recent, and they are forbidden. And in the parallel situation, if that indicator was discovered in a Sabbatical - Year onion that sprouted at the conclusion of the Sabbatical Year, i. e., during the eighth year, the onions are permitted. The Gemara asks: Is this to say that one may conclude from here that permitted growth neutralizes the prohibition of the original plant? The Gemara rejects this conclusion: And perhaps the halakha is with regard to crushed [medukhanin], pounded onions, and the reason that the prohibition of the original plant is neutralized is not that the permitted growth neutralizes the prohibition, but that it is no longer fit for consumption.

אלא מן הדא דתניא

Rather, the dilemma can be resolved from this source; as it is taught in a baraita: